PMTiles is a single-file archive format for pyramids of tiled data. - Protomaps – A free and open source map of the world

• PMTiles / HN a production-ready, single-file, static container for vector tiles built around HTTP range requests.
  • PMTiles is a general format for tiled data addressed by Z/X/Y coordinates. This can be cartographic basemap vector tiles, remote sensing observations, JPEG images, or more.
  • PMTiles readers use HTTP Range Requests to fetch only the relevant tile or metadata inside a PMTiles archive on-demand.

see also

• MapLibre Tile: A next generation geospatial format optimized for rendering
• Serving a custom vector web map using PMTiles and maplibre-gl
• How to implement a tile service ?