It outclasses SCM tools like Subversion, CVS, Perforce, and ClearCase with features like cheap local branching, convenient staging areas, and multiple workflows. - Home

Git branches are pointer to a commit - Git Branches Have No Rules - Git Branches: Intuition and Reality

see also

• git absorb / HN - You have a feature branch with a few commits. Your teammate reviewed the branch and pointed out a few bugs. You have fixes for the bugs, but you don’t want to shove them all into an opaque commit that says fixes, because you believe in atomic commits.
• git worktree / HN - Worktrees allow you to have a separate working directory (and staging area) for each branch you’re actively working on.
• Git rebase, what can go wrong?
• Git In Two Minutes
• lazygit - A simple terminal UI for git commands
• vs BitKeeper
• git-flow (2010) - This was terrible at the time and it remains terrible now. Not to be confused with GitHub flow which is simpler.
• Committing without git

Config

git config --global user.name "Your Name"
git config --global user.email "youremail@yourdomain.com"

git config --list

Diff tool

• Configuring diff tool
• How do I view ‘git diff’ output with my preferred diff tool/ viewer?
• How Git cherry-pick and revert use 3-way merge

Meld understands git and provides navigating around the recent changes.

meld .

mtime

see Why isn’t Git preserving modification time on files? - short to stay compatible with make

If you wan’t original times (rather than checkout times) use this tool

sudo apt install git-restore-mtime
cd [repo]
git restore-mtime

Basic Cmd

Undo last commit, keeping change

$ git reset --soft HEAD~    # Undo the last commit but leave the changes in the staging area

$ git reset HEAD^

see also: How do I undo the most recent local commits in Git?

Abort merge

git reset --hard HEAD
git clean -fd  

Checkout branch

# without using origin/xx
git checkout <branch from above>    

Add origin as new github repo

git remote add origin git@github.com:yduf/<repo>.git

Remove origin

git remote rm origin

change a Git repo’s origin

git remote rename origin upstream
git remote add origin git@github.com:user/fork.git
  
# then point the master branch to your new remote (as it has been automatically changed to upstream)
git config branch.master.remote origin

• Moving git commits between repos